Validity is always important – even if it’s harder to determine in qualitative research. However some qualitative researchers have gone so far as to suggest that validity does not apply to their research even as they acknowledge the need for some qualifying checks or measures in their work.In quantitative research testing for validity and reliability is a given.Unfortunately, researchers sometimes create their own definitions when it comes to what is considered valid. How “true” are these results? How well do they represent the thing you’re actually trying to study? Validity is used to determine whether research measures what it intended to measure and to approximate the truthfulness of the results. This study provides initial benchmark values of calf muscle function in rugby union.The conclusions you draw from your research (whether from analyzing survey, focus groups, experimental design, or other research methods) are only useful if they’re valid.
When accounting for clinical factors BMI, age, and previous injury explained some of the differences observed between positions and levels. Backs completed more repetitions (3 repetitions, p = 0.001) and positive displacement (30 cm, p = 0.001) than forwards during endurance testing. Super Rugby players were more powerful than Club (both power tests), Provincial (both power tests), and International (bodyweight power).
Playing level influenced power outcomes (p < 0.009). Forwards produced superior power than backs during the bodyweight (59 W, p = 0.007) and weighted (73 W, p < 0.001) power tests. Test–retest reliability was good across outcomes following familiarisation (CV < 10%, ICC ≥0.83). Validity of application outcomes against 3D motion and force plate data was good-to-excellent (CV ≤ 6.6%, ICC ≥0.84). Twenty athletes participated in application validation 18 in test–retest reliability and all in establishing normative equations. In total, 120 athletes performed three single-leg calf muscle tests. We then established normative calf muscle function values for male rugby union players accounting for rugby-related factors (position, level) alone and together with clinical factors (age, leg dominance, BMI, previous injury). We examined the validity and reliability of biomechanical outcomes extracted using the Calf Raise application of three calf muscle tests.
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